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The entire value chain

One of LOPEC's greatest strengths is that it gives attendees the opportunity to learn about every single aspect of the flexible and printed electronics industry.

LOPEC covers the full value chain, from research and development to mass production, including applications and business models.

Exhibitors showcase materials, processes, systems, components, applications and services. Obtain a comprehensive overview of the industry and its products. Participating in LOPEC is worthwhile.

Exhibition sectors: The entire value chain

Value chain

What exhibitors present at LOPEC

1. Materials

Printed electronics uses numerous organic and inorganic functional materials that can feature a number of characteristics, including (semi)conductivity, electroluminosity, electrochromism and electrophoresis. The value of substrates (adapted to suit a range of applications) is growing, as is the importance of encapsulation materials, which wide the lifespan of applications.

1.1. Substrates

1.2. Conducters

1.3. Semiconductors

1.4. Dielectrics

1.5. Encapsulation materials, resins and adhesives

1.6. Other materials

2. Manufacturing processes

The range of possible materials and applications is vast and this diversity is also reflected in the various technologies used to produce them. Mass printing processes, both analog and digital, are being applied. However, ink-jet printing and coating techniques are also being increasingly used.

2.1. Mass patterning techniques

2.2. Digital printing

2.3. Other printing processes

2.4. Vacuum processes

2.5. Photolithography

2.6. Laser processes

2.7. Coating technologies

2.8. Material processing

2.9. Light induced processing

2.10. Dosing and mixing technologies

2.11. Encapsulation

2.12. Clean room technology

2.13. Roll-to-roll processing

2.14. Other manufacturing processes

3. Electronics assembly and packaging, system integration

Well-engineered packaging is essential for device integration. This process makes use of both specific technologies and those known from conventional electronics. Hybrid systems, which combine the benefits of printed electronics and their more conventional counterparts, are becoming increasingly important here.

3.1. Electronics assembly and packaging

3.2. Lamination

3.3. Electronics assembly and packaging, system integration

3.4. Hybrid systems (polytronics)

4. Inspection and test systems

In order to ensure product quality, precise and reliable testing and inspection systems are required that guarantee reliable results, even at high throughput rates. It is fairly common for new materials to require completely new testing systems to meet the increased requirements.

4.1. Electrical characterization

4.2. Physical/optical characterization

4.3. Chemical characterization

4.4. Simulation/circuit optimization

4.5. Lifetime testing

4.6. Quality/process control

4.7. Environmental testing

4.8. Other inspection and test systems

5. Devices

The majority of conventional electronic components have now been adapted for use with printed electronic; some are now even being mass produced (e.g., OLED displays). These core elements are essential for complex systems.

5.1. Transistors

5.2. Diodes

5.3. Passive components

5.4. Integrated circuits

5.5. Displays

5.6. Photovoltaic cells

5.7. Sensors

5.8. Memory elements

5.9. Antennas

5.10. Batteries

5.11. Components for hybrid systems

5.12. Other devices

6. Applications

Technical progress means that printed basic devices are now being integrated into increasingly complex systems. This allows existing applications to be optimized and completely new applications, e.g., smart textiles, to be developed.

6.1. TFT backplanes

6.2. Displays

6.3. Sensors

6.4. Smart systems

6.5. RFID

6.6. Solar cells

6.7. Smart textiles

6.8. Speakers

6.9. Lighting

6.10. Other applications

7. Services

The more complex the printed electronic products are and the more sophisticated the production process is, the more important the related service industry becomes.

7.1. Consulting

7.2. R&D funding management

7.3. R&D / Research & Development

7.4. Prototyping

7.5. Manufacturing

7.6. Venture and equity capitalization

7.7. Professional and trade associations

7.8. Technical books, technical journals, technical publishers

7.9. Other services

A full index of the LOPEC products and services can be found here: